Page 187 of 229 Start Back Next End ZBasic Language Reference 177 ZBasic Microcontrollers Appendix E - ZX-40 Series Hardware Reference The ZX-40 series devices are the 40-pin DIP package versions of the respective Atmel AVR ATmega microcontrollers that have been programmed with the ZX control firmware (for VM mode devices) or a bootloader (for native mode devices). They offer the same capabilities as the ZX-24 series plus access to 7 additional I/O pins. The primary difference between the members of the ZX-40 series devices is specific ATmega microcontroller used and the amount of RAM, EEPROM and Program Memory available for use by your programs. The table below summarizes the differences. The entries marked with an asterisk require an external serial EEPROM for program storage. ZX-40 Series Devices Device AVR Microcontroller Mode RAM Persistent Memory Program Memory Operating Frequency Operating Voltage ZX-40* ATmega32 VM 1536 992 32K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40a* ATmega644 VM 3584 2016 32K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40p* ATmega644P VM 3584 2016 32K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40n ATmega644P Native 4096 2016 62K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40r ATmega1284P VM 15744 4064 60K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40s ATmega1284P Native 16384 4064 124K 14.7MHz 3.6-5.5V ZX-40t ATmega1284P Native 16384 4064 124K 7.37MHz 2.75-5.5V In order to use the ZX-40 series devices you must add several additional components as described below. In each of the diagrams presented below, only a portion of the device’s 40 pins is shown. Those that are not germane to the circuit being discussed are omitted for clarity. E.1 ZX-40 Series Specifications The electrical specifications of the ZX-40 series devices are exactly those of the underlying ATmega microcontrollers. Rather than reproducing them here the reader is directed to the datasheet published by Atmel. It can be obtained from the Atmel website |http://www.atmel.com or from the ZBasic website | http://www.zbasic.net. E.2 ZX-40 Series Required External Components Power Source The ZX-40 series devices need a regulated voltage source capable of providing at least 200mA of current. The voltage typically used is 5 volts but the device will operate between 4.5 volts and 5.5 volts except for the ZX-40t which can operate as low as 2.75 volts. A recommended circuit is shown below. A suitable heatsink will probably be required in most cases to keep the regulator IC below its maximum operating temperature. Consult the regulator datasheet for more information.